Controlled drug delivery systems in eradicating bacterial biofilm-associated infections

Drug delivery systems (DDS) have extensively progressed over the past decades for eradicating bacteria embedded in biofilms while minimizing side effects of antimicrobials on normal tissues. They possess potential solving challenges intrinsic antimicrobial-resistance and poor penetration into biofilms. However, guidelines developing a controlled DDS combating bacterial are limited. In this review, classical mechanisms mathematical models were summarized order to lay foundation development. Strategies building proposed based process biofilm formation, including surface coatings, fibers, nanoparticles as prevent formation eradicate biofilm-associated infections. The that still remain design discussed future directions suggested. We hope review could give “road map” inspire readers boost development new generation drug release system antimicrobial applications. • great biofilm-related Summary DDS. Overview strategies biofilm. Discussion suggestions research.